Summary ?
Let's start by What ?
We have produced the world's first general cognitive engine. This engine is capable of understanding natural language without looking at specific words, patterns, ontologies, neural nets, fuzzy logic or any form of training beforehand. This engine generates multidimensional ideograms which depend on the the semantic content only, and so “understands”, is capable of associating concepts freely and therefore can identify equivalent concepts and evaluate relevance. The summary has a set similarity standard beyond which it considers two sentences to be similar and therefore not to be repeated, and also a set relevance standard beyond which it considers a sentence to be irrelevant, both parameters can be adjusted by registered users. See some examples of how powerful this system is. The output page shows the originals texts separated by a horizontal line on the left and the summary on the right, which is given in standard English but it can itself be simplified if needed.
Note that our summarizing tool is based on the ideas of C.S. Peirce about abduction. The idea is that we start with an argument expressed as a sequence of ideas (which we take to be contained in a first text taken as the reference or starting point). which is then further expanded as further knowledge is added (contained in further texts) with relevant details filling in the argument, consolidating and corroborating propositions and taking out details which, as more information comes in, are judged not to be relevant. Therefore, the user must input two or more texts about the same subject so that a suitable summary can be produced. Although not strictly in keeping with Peircian ideas, we are currently working on extending these ideas to the reference text itself, so that only the main thread of the argument is kept and not so relevant information is left out.
Now why has Summary been developed in Simplish ?
This tool was developed for enabling artificial cognition systems to acquire knowledge from the internet and recall only the most relevant information. However, we believe that there are many areas where this technology could be useful, such as an advanced summarizing technology to help people absorb the most relevant information only in this age of such vasts amounts of data on almost any subject.
Finally, how does it work ?
Unlike other methods, our approach involves the representation of knowledge by graphical ideograms so that meaning is represented by position and shape, and therefore if two sentences have more or less the same meaning, they will have similar ideograms, regardless of the specific wording or grammar. In this way, the computer is now capable of understanding the meaning of sentences and does not need any prior training in order to do a summary well.
Nothing is better than a concrete interactive example. When entering a text in the text field above, you need to separate each text in order to make a paragraph and in this way the system can identify each text, if you click in the above field, a small popup appears where has two buttons, each button is for generating sample text in order to make a summary or simplify text and after clicking the Summary button, you need to wait for automatic redirection.
If you want to copy and paste your text to summarize, you need to give it some format, in this part we will show how to summarize in the text field above, this requires that the text be separated by paragraphs and then to click on the summary button and wait for the automatic redirection.
When people are registered, they can make summaries by clicking on the summary button and then a menu shows files that can be selected and some options relating to topic, which is the title of the summary, followed by relevance, which is a variable parameter (preset to a default value of 50) determining when a concept will be considered to be relevant, and finally fusion, which is a variable parameter (preset to a default value of 90) determining when two concepts will be deemed to be identical and therefore fused into one. See the following illustration:
Availble files.
Example of a Summary
Text summarized successfully ! Summary of "Jesus comes to Jerusalem" took 39 seconds
Summary 426 words
And when they were near Jerusalem, and had come to Beth-phage, to the Mountain of Olives, Jesus sent two disciples, Saying to them, Go into the little town in front of you, and straight away you will see an ass with a cord round her neck, and a young one with her; let them loose and come with them to me.
And they took him to Jesus, and they put their clothing on the ass, and Jesus got on to him.
And if anyone says to you, Why are you taking him? say, The Lord has need of him.
And if anyone says anything to you, you will say, The Lord has need of them; and straight away he will send them.
Now this took place so that these words of the prophet might come true, Say to the daughter of Zion, See, your King comes to you, gentle and seated on an ass, and on a young ass.
And when he had said this, he went on in front of them, going up to Jerusalem.
And those whom he sent went away, and it was as he said.
(These things were not clear to his disciples at first: but when Jesus had been lifted up into his glory, then it came to their minds that these things in the Writings were about him and that they had been done to him.) Now the people who were with him when his voice came to Lazarus in the place of the dead, and gave him life again, had been talking about it.
Then the Pharisees said one to another, You see, you are unable to do anything: the world has gone after him.
And he said in answer, I say to you, if these men keep quiet, the very stones will be crying out.
And some of the Pharisees among the people said to him, Master, make your disciples be quiet.
And a great number put down their clothing in the way; and others put down branches which they had taken from the fields.
The day after, a great number of people who were there for the feast, when they had the news that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem, Took branches of palm-trees and went out to him, crying, A blessing on him who comes in the name of the Lord, the King of Israel.
And when he came into Jerusalem, all the town was moved, saying, Who is this? And the people said, This is the prophet Jesus, from Nazareth of Galilee.